Category

Rate Limiting

Security vulnerabilities and automated fixes for rate limiting issues

6 posts found

high10 min

How Email Exhaustion Denial of Service Happens in Node.js OTP Endpoints and How to Fix It

A Node.js authentication service exposed unauthenticated OTP endpoints without adequate rate limiting, allowing attackers to exhaust email service quotas through repeated requests. The fix implements per-session resend caps and cooldown enforcement to prevent email-based denial of service attacks while preserving legitimate user workflows.

#rate-limiting#denial-of-service#otp-authentication+4 more
A
anupamme
Aug 14, 2026
high7 min

How IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses bypass rate limiting in Express.js and how to fix it

A critical vulnerability in express-rate-limit versions prior to 8.2.2 allowed attackers to bypass per-client rate limiting on dual-stack servers by exploiting incorrect IPv6 subnet masking. When IPv4 clients connected through IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses (like ::ffff:192.0.2.1), the library failed to properly identify unique clients, enabling unlimited requests that could lead to denial of service. The fix upgrades express-rate-limit to 8.2.2 and its dependency ip-address to 10.1.0, implementing

#express-rate-limit#rate-limiting#ipv6+4 more
A
anupamme
Aug 7, 2026
critical8 min

How Missing Rate Limiting Happens in Next.js API Routes and How to Fix It

Three public API endpoints in a Next.js application — `/api/send-review`, `/api/contact`, and `/api/auth` — were deployed without any server-side rate limiting, allowing attackers to flood them with unlimited requests. The `/api/send-review` and `/api/contact` endpoints were especially dangerous because every request triggered an outbound email via Gmail SMTP, making them prime targets for email bombing and quota exhaustion. The fix introduces a lightweight in-memory rate limiter capping each IP

#rate-limiting#nextjs#nodejs+4 more
A
anupamme
Aug 4, 2026
critical8 min

How unlimited batch API calls happen in React JSX and how to fix it

A missing batch size limit in `BatchModeRunner.jsx` allowed users to trigger unlimited LLM API calls by pasting thousands of items into the batch input field. This could exhaust shared API quotas in organizational settings where a single API key is distributed across multiple users. The fix introduces a hard cap of 25 items (`MAX_BATCH_SIZE = 25`) enforced directly in the `canRun()` validation function.

#security#rate-limiting#react+4 more
A
anupamme
Jul 24, 2026
medium8 min

Defending Against Rate Limit Bypass: Securing Express Applications from IP Spoofing

A critical rate limiting vulnerability in an Express.js application allowed attackers to bypass API throttling through IP rotation and header manipulation. This fix demonstrates how improperly configured rate limiters can be circumvented through proxy networks, VPNs, and forged X-Forwarded-For headers, potentially enabling brute force attacks, credential stuffing, and resource exhaustion.

#security#rate-limiting#express+4 more
O
orbisai0security
Mar 19, 2026
critical7 min

Node-tar Path Traversal: How a Hardlink Bypass Threatened File Systems

A medium-severity vulnerability (CVE-2026-24842) in node-tar allowed attackers to create arbitrary files outside intended directories by exploiting a flaw in hardlink security checks. Combined with missing rate limiting controls, this vulnerability exposed applications to both path traversal attacks and denial-of-service through unlimited automated requests. Here's what happened and how to protect your applications.

#security#node-tar#path-traversal+4 more
O
orbisai0security
Mar 6, 2026