Category

Rate Limiting

Security vulnerabilities and automated fixes for rate limiting issues

10 posts found

critical8 min

How Unauthenticated Proxy Endpoints Enable DoS Amplification in FastAPI and how to fix it

Public proxy endpoints in `backend/api/proxy.py` had no rate limiting, allowing any attacker to flood the httpx connection pool with unauthenticated requests and amplify denial-of-service attacks against downstream tile and coordinate-conversion services. The fix introduces a per-IP sliding-window rate limiter using environment-configurable thresholds, closing the amplification vector without breaking legitimate usage.

#security#python#fastapi+2 more
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anupamme
Aug 26, 2026
critical7 min

How Missing Rate Limiting Happens in Node.js SSE Handlers and How to Fix It

A critical missing rate-limiting control in `src/sse/handlers/chat.js` allowed any caller to flood the SSE chat endpoint with unlimited requests, risking server resource exhaustion, denial of service, and runaway AI provider API costs. The fix introduces a per-IP sliding-window rate limiter that caps requests at 60 per minute and returns HTTP 429 on violations. Because the endpoint was publicly reachable and only validated API keys — not request frequency — exploitation required nothing more tha

#security#node-js#rate-limiting+2 more
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anupamme
Aug 26, 2026
critical7 min

How Missing Rate Limiting happens in Express.js and how to fix it

Two public API endpoints in `server.js` — `/api/health` and `/api/contact` — were exposed without any rate limiting middleware, allowing attackers to exhaust server resources or spam an SMTP server with unlimited requests. The fix adds rate limiting to both endpoints, with stricter controls on the resource-intensive `/api/contact` route that triggers email sending operations. This change closes a directly exploitable denial-of-service vector in a production web service.

#security#express#nodejs+2 more
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anupamme
Aug 26, 2026
critical6 min

How Missing Rate Limiting Happens in Express.js Authentication Endpoints and How to Fix It

A critical security vulnerability was discovered in the Apple Store API implementation where three authentication endpoints (`/auth/login`, `/auth/refresh`, `/auth/reset`) lacked rate limiting protection. This allowed unlimited authentication attempts from a single IP address, enabling credential stuffing and brute force attacks. The fix implements an in-memory rate limiter that restricts each IP to 5 requests per 15-minute window.

#security#rate-limiting#express-js+4 more
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anupamme
Aug 19, 2026
high10 min

How Email Exhaustion Denial of Service Happens in Node.js OTP Endpoints and How to Fix It

A Node.js authentication service exposed unauthenticated OTP endpoints without adequate rate limiting, allowing attackers to exhaust email service quotas through repeated requests. The fix implements per-session resend caps and cooldown enforcement to prevent email-based denial of service attacks while preserving legitimate user workflows.

#security#rate-limiting#denial-of-service+5 more
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anupamme
Aug 14, 2026
high7 min

How IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses bypass rate limiting in Express.js and how to fix it

A critical vulnerability in express-rate-limit versions prior to 8.2.2 allowed attackers to bypass per-client rate limiting on dual-stack servers by exploiting incorrect IPv6 subnet masking. When IPv4 clients connected through IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses (like ::ffff:192.0.2.1), the library failed to properly identify unique clients, enabling unlimited requests that could lead to denial of service. The fix upgrades express-rate-limit to 8.2.2 and its dependency ip-address to 10.1.0, implementing

#security#express-rate-limit#rate-limiting+5 more
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anupamme
Aug 7, 2026
critical8 min

How Missing Rate Limiting Happens in Next.js API Routes and How to Fix It

Three public API endpoints in a Next.js application — `/api/send-review`, `/api/contact`, and `/api/auth` — were deployed without any server-side rate limiting, allowing attackers to flood them with unlimited requests. The `/api/send-review` and `/api/contact` endpoints were especially dangerous because every request triggered an outbound email via Gmail SMTP, making them prime targets for email bombing and quota exhaustion. The fix introduces a lightweight in-memory rate limiter capping each IP

#security#rate-limiting#nextjs+5 more
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anupamme
Aug 4, 2026
critical8 min

How unlimited batch API calls happen in React JSX and how to fix it

A missing batch size limit in `BatchModeRunner.jsx` allowed users to trigger unlimited LLM API calls by pasting thousands of items into the batch input field. This could exhaust shared API quotas in organizational settings where a single API key is distributed across multiple users. The fix introduces a hard cap of 25 items (`MAX_BATCH_SIZE = 25`) enforced directly in the `canRun()` validation function.

#security#rate-limiting#react+4 more
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anupamme
Jul 24, 2026
medium8 min

Defending Against Rate Limit Bypass: Securing Express Applications from IP Spoofing

A critical rate limiting vulnerability in an Express.js application allowed attackers to bypass API throttling through IP rotation and header manipulation. This fix demonstrates how improperly configured rate limiters can be circumvented through proxy networks, VPNs, and forged X-Forwarded-For headers, potentially enabling brute force attacks, credential stuffing, and resource exhaustion.

#security#rate-limiting#express+4 more
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orbisai0security
Mar 19, 2026
critical7 min

Node-tar Path Traversal: How a Hardlink Bypass Threatened File Systems

A medium-severity vulnerability (CVE-2026-24842) in node-tar allowed attackers to create arbitrary files outside intended directories by exploiting a flaw in hardlink security checks. Combined with missing rate limiting controls, this vulnerability exposed applications to both path traversal attacks and denial-of-service through unlimited automated requests. Here's what happened and how to protect your applications.

#security#node-tar#path-traversal+4 more
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orbisai0security
Mar 6, 2026